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Crawfordville Enterprise A Legacy in the Springfield Log School, 1966–1968

The Story In December 1966, four men began silk-screening printing inside the old log schoolhouse that had once been Springfield School. With organizational support from the Southern Rural Action Project and $10,200 in private donations, the operation grew quickly into Crawfordville Enterprises. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference helped launch the effort, alongside the United Presbyterian Church U.S.A., the Georgia Council on Human Relations, and the Taliaferro County Voters League. Within its first months, the plant was producing lettered T-shirts, sweatshirts, and sports jackets for schools and colleges, with early contracts from Morris Brown College, Operation Breadbasket, and SCLC itself. The enterprise expanded well beyond silk-screening. A garment operation, a woodcraft shop, two day care centers, and a farmer's cooperative all grew out of the same effort. At its peak, Crawfordville Enterprises employed roughly 80 people and became the largest employer in Taliaferro County. The products the plant made shifted over the years. Workers sewed blue denim jackets to be worn by marshals during the 1968 Poor People's Campaign in Washington, D.C. In later years, the operation also produced fake fur coats and, according to interviews with former employees, fishnet stockings. The plant weathered a serious setback in 1968, losing its financial support and closing temporarily. A new grant from the Office of Economic Opportunity brought the machines back to life under plant manager Rudolph Terry, a Morehouse College graduate with textile experience. By the mid-1970s, the operation's story had reached a national audience: Ebony magazine featured the sewing room in a piece titled "Blacks Help Themselves," capturing local women — including Ollie Bell Meadows — at their machines.

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Head Start & Day Care

While the plant grew, the log building also served the community's youngest residents. Florence Thomas Turner, a graduate of Fort Valley State College, directed the Head Start and day care program alongside her husband Calvin Turner, Dr. Evans Harris, and Ms. Richardson of Hancock County. Annie Bowman Terrell, Rosella Wynn, and Alfreda Thomas worked as their helpers.

During this period, the building itself changed — electricity and a bathroom were installed in the log cabin for the first time. Each day, the children were given a snack, then lunch, a nap, and another snack, with meals prepared by cook Mrs. Clyde Meadows.

When the children went home for the day, the building's purpose shifted again: adults arrived for literacy classes tied to voter registration efforts.

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In Her Own Words: Annie Bowman Terrell Annie Bowman Terrell graduated from Murden High School in June 1965 and spent that summer as a Head Start helper at the log school. She later left for Atlanta, working part-time at Sears while attending Hoke Smith Technical Institute (renamed Atlanta Technical School in 1967).
It was at Sears that Calvin Turner found her again — and asked whether she'd consider coming home to work at the plant. She said yes, and after graduating, she returned to Taliaferro County as the plant's secretary, working alongside Calvin Turner, Robert Billingsley, Mr. Sheridan, Fred Free, and Mrs. Bobby Strickland.
Annie kept the books, tracking money in and out of the plant, with guidance from CPA Willie Richardson (1937–2007), who set up her accounting system and checked in regularly. When she later moved to Atlanta, Richardson gave her a job in his own office.
"That was an enjoyable time," she recalled. "During that time, while I worked at the plant, I fell in love and got married.
"You can hear more from Annie and her siblings in their own words: youtu.be/J0A5-xt_n6g

Newspaper & Archival Documents

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The Poor People's Campaign 

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In 1968, Crawfordville Enterprises produced jackets worn by marshals during the Poor People's Campaign in Washington, D.C., led by Rev. Dr. Ralph D. Abernathy and Jesse Jackson. *These photographs show denim jackets like those Crawfordville Enterprise produced for Poor People's Campaign marshals; we have not yet confirmed these specific jackets came from the Crawfordville plant. 

Event Program Highlights 

On April 27, 1968, Crawfordville Enterprises cut the ribbon on its new sewing plant, marking the occasion alongside Taliaferro County's annual Emancipation Proclamation Celebration at Friendship Baptist Church. 

Rev. Dr. Ralph D. Abernathy delivered the address, "You can kill the Dreamer but Not the Dream" Dorothy Height, president of the National Council of Negro Women, cut the ribbon. The Crawfordville Enterprises Board of Directors at the time included Robert Billingsley (Chairman), Calvin Turner, Mrs. Mabel Heath, Mrs. Mary Emma Barcus, Randolph T Blackwell, Joseph Morris Turner, Curry Van Bible, Rev. Oscar McCloud, and Jesse Andrews. 

Note: Joseph Morris Turner is the son of Joseph "Joe" Turner, one of the eight original 1935 trustees of Springfield School-two distinct people, a generation apart, both tied to this building's history. 

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Crawfordville Day Care and Head Start Gallery 

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